Mednick, Sarnoff Theory of Deviance

Definition

Sarnoff Mednick's theory of deviance suggests that some individuals are biologically predisposed to engage in antisocial or deviant behavior due to genetic factors. According to Mednick, these individuals have a constitutional vulnerability, meaning their biological makeup makes them more likely to exhibit delinquency or crime, especially when exposed to certain environmental triggers like neglect, abuse, or peer pressure. This theory emphasizes the interplay between genetics and environment in shaping deviant behavior.

Example

A young person has a family history of behavioral issues and delinquency. From a young age, they shows signs of impulsivity and difficulty following rules. Despite living in a supportive home environment, they often gets into trouble at school for offense like cheating on exams or fighting others. Mednick's theory would suggest that this young person's genetic predisposition contributes to these behaviors, making them more likely to engage in deviance even when surrounded by positive influences.

Why it Matters

Mednick's theory matters because it challenges the assumption that all deviant behavior is solely a result of environmental factors like upbringing or socioeconomic status. By highlighting the role of genetics, it encourages researchers and policymakers to consider biological factors when addressing crime prevention and rehabilitation. This perspective can lead to more tailored interventions, such as early identification of at-risk individuals and targeted social programs, to help mitigate the influence of both genetic and environmental factors on deviance.