Social Organization

Overview Absolute poverty is a term used to describe when individuals or families lack the basic ...

Definition The Demographic Transition Theory is a model that explains how populations change over...

Definition Demography is the study of populations, focusing on their size, structure, and distrib...

Overview The Elderly Support Ratio is a demographic concept that compares the number of elderly i...

Definition The Malthusian Theory of Population Growth, introduced by Thomas Malthus in 1798, sugg...

Definition The Marxist Theory of Population Growth is a sociological perspective that examines ho...

Overview Population Growth Rate is the ratio of the increase in population to the total populatio...

Overview Replacement-Level Fertility (RLF) refers to the average number of children per woman nee...

Definition Race and Ethnicity Race: A socially constructed category based on perceived physical...

Definition Anomie theory of deviance, developed by sociologist Émile Durkheim, suggests that devi...

Definition Behavioral theories of deviance explain how individuals learn and adopt deviant behavi...

Definition Biological theories of deviance are explanations that focus on how biological factors,...

Definition Control theory (deviance and crime) is a criminological perspective that suggests indi...

Overview Crime rate is a measure of the number of crimes committed in a specific geographic area ...

Definition Cultural transmission theory in the context of crime and deviance explains how individ...

Definition Social norms are unwritten rules about what behaviors are acceptable or unacceptable i...

Definition Deviance refers to behavior, beliefs, or actions that deviate from the accepted social...

Definition The Theory of Deviance as Individual Choice is a sociological perspective that suggest...

Overview Differential Association Theory (DAT) is a criminology theory that focuses on how   indi...

Definition Folkways are social conventions or customary ways of behaving that are considered appr...

Definition The E.A. Hooten / William H. Sheldon theory of deviance is a perspective that examines...

Definition Cesare Lombroso, an Italian criminologist from the late 19th century, proposed a theor...

Definition Sarnoff Mednick's theory of deviance suggests that some individuals are biologically p...

Definition Mores are the deeply held customs, behaviors, and beliefs of a society or culture that...

Definition Primary deviance refers to a minor or first-time act of rule-breaking behavior that do...

Definition The Psychoanalytic Approach to Deviance is a psychological approach that seeks to expl...

Definition Psychological theories of deviance are frameworks that explain why individuals engage ...

Definition The reciprocity norm is a social rule stating that people feel obligated to return fav...

Definition Secondary deviance refers to a situation where an individual begins to identify themse...

Definition Social norms are the unwritten rules or expectations that guide how people behave in s...

Definition Sociological theories of deviance are frameworks used by sociologists to understand, e...

Definition Strain theory, developed by sociologist Robert Merton in 1938, suggests that individua...

Definition Achieved status refers to a social position or rank that an individual attains through...

Definition Anomie is a concept from sociology that describes a state of normlessness or a breakdo...

Definition Ascribed status refers to social positions or roles that are assigned to individuals a...

Definition Bureaucracy refers to a system of organization characterized by a hierarchical structu...

Definition Collective Conscience (also called collective consciousness) refers to the shared beli...

Definition The caste system is a social hierarchy in which people are divided into groups based o...

Definition The division of labor is a concept where tasks or processes are split into smaller, sp...

Definition A class system is a social hierarchy in which individuals are categorized based on sha...

Definition In sociology, Gemeinschaft refers to a type of social group characterized by close per...

Definition: In sociology, "Gesellschaft" refers to a type of social organization characterized by...

Definition In sociology, a master status is the social position that dominates all other statuses...

Definition The Estate System was a social hierarchy prevalent in medieval Europe, which divided s...

Definition Mechanical solidarity is a concept in sociology introduced by Émile Durkheim that desc...

Overview Meritocracy is a system of social organization where advancement and rewards are based o...

Definition: Organic solidarity refers to a type of social cohesion where individuals in a society...

Definition Rites of passage are ceremonies or rituals that mark significant transitions in an ind...

Definition In sociology, a "role" refers to a set of expectations, behaviors, and responsibilitie...

Definition Social class refers to a system of stratification or hierarchy within society where in...

Definition Social cohesion refers to the degree of unity, solidarity, and sense of belonging amon...

Overview Social mobility refers to how easily people can move up or down the social and economic ...

Definition Social organization refers to the structured patterns of interactions, relationships, ...

Definition In psychology, social roles refer to the expectations and behaviors associated with a ...

Definition In sociology, status refers to the position or rank that an individual occupies within...