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Vicarious Reinforcement and Punishment
Definition Vicarious reinforcement and punishment refers to a psychological phenomenon where indi...
Social Learning Theory
Definition The social learning theory suggests that people learn by observing, imitating, and mod...
Observational Learning
Definition Observational learning is a process where individuals acquire knowledge, skills, or be...
Freud, Sigmund
Overview Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was an Austrian neurologist who is widely regarded as the fath...
Psychosexual Theory of Development
Definition The psychosexual theory of development is a psychological model proposed by Sigmund Fr...
Psychoanalytic Theory
Definition Psychoanalytic, (psychodynamic) theory is a psychological framework developed by Sigmu...
Defense Mechanisms
Definition Defense mechanisms are psychological strategies used by individuals to cope with stres...
Hans and Sybil Eysenck's Theory of Personality
Overview Hans and Sybil Eysenck were influential psychologists who developed one of the most wide...
Big Five Model
Overview The Big Five Model is a widely used framework in psychology to describe human personalit...
Anomie
Definition Anomie is a concept from sociology that describes a state of normlessness or a breakdo...
Natural Law
Overview Natural law is a philosophy that suggests certain rights are inherent by virtue of human...
Organic Solidarity
Definition: Organic solidarity refers to a type of social cohesion where individuals in a society...
Social Norms
Definition Social norms are the unwritten rules or expectations that guide how people behave in s...
Mechanical Solidarity
Definition Mechanical solidarity is a concept in sociology introduced by Émile Durkheim that desc...
World Systems Theory
Overview World Systems Theory (WST) is a macro-level sociological approach that examines how diff...
Vote of No Confidence
Overview A Vote of No Confidence is a formal motion in parliamentary systems where members expres...
Types of States
Democracy (Rule by the People) Direct Democracy In direct democracy, citizens vote directly on po...
State Capitalism
Overview State capitalism is a system where the state regulates and owns business enterprises. Th...
State
Definition The state is a structured system through which authority is exercised over a defined t...
Locke, John
Overview John Locke (1632-1704) was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one ...