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Facial Feedback Hypothesis

Emotion and Motivation Emotion

Definition The Facial Feedback Hypothesis is the idea that our facial expressions can influence h...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Self-Evaluation Maintenance Theory

Self-Concept, Identity, and Social Refl...

Definition Self-Evaluation Maintenance Theory (SEMT) proposes that we are motivated to maintain s...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Social Comparison Theory

Self-Concept, Identity, and Social Refl...

Definition Social Comparison Theory, developed by Leon Festinger in 1954, proposes that we evalua...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Self-Perception Theory

Self-Concept, Identity, and Social Refl...

Definition Self-Perception Theory, developed by Daryl Bem, suggests that we often determine our a...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Self-Awareness Theory

Self-Concept, Identity, and Social Refl...

Definition Self-Awareness Theory, developed by Shelley Taylor, proposes that we don't always have...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Self-Discrepancy Theory

Self-Concept, Identity, and Social Refl...

Definition Self-Discrepancy Theory, developed by psychologist E. Tory Higgins, suggests that we h...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Ideal Self and Real Self

Self-Concept, Identity, and Social Refl...

Definition Ideal Self: The "ideal self" refers to the version of oneself that a person aspires to...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Festinger, Leon

Pioneers of Thought

Overview Leon Festinger (1919-1989) was an American social psychologist who made significant cont...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Social Identity Threat

Self-Concept, Identity, and Social Refl...

Overview Social Identity Threat (SIT) is a psychological phenomenon where individuals feel anxiou...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Sociological Theories of Deviance

Social Organization Norms and Deviance

Definition Sociological theories of deviance are frameworks used by sociologists to understand, e...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Secondary Deviance

Social Organization Norms and Deviance

Definition Secondary deviance refers to a situation where an individual begins to identify themse...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Primary Deviance

Social Organization Norms and Deviance

Definition Primary deviance refers to a minor or first-time act of rule-breaking behavior that do...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Looking Glass Self

Self-Concept, Identity, and Social Refl...

Definition The "looking glass self" is a sociological concept introduced by Charles Horton Cooley...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

I and Me

Self-Concept, Identity, and Social Refl...

Definition "The 'I' and the 'Me'" are two key concepts in George Herbert Mead's social behavioris...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Analytic (Jungian) Psychology

Psychodynamic and Depth Perspectives on...

Overview Analytical Psychology, developed by Carl Gustav Jung, explores the relationship between ...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Jung, Carl

Pioneers of Thought

Overview Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who made signifi...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Bandura, Albert

Pioneers of Thought

Overview Albert Bandura is a Canadian-American psychologist born on December 4, 1925, best known ...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Vicarious Reinforcement and Punishment

Memory and Learning Social Learning

Definition Vicarious reinforcement and punishment refers to a psychological phenomenon where indi...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Social Learning Theory

Memory and Learning Social Learning

Definition The social learning theory suggests that people learn by observing, imitating, and mod...

Updated 7 months ago by exec

Observational Learning

Memory and Learning Social Learning

Definition Observational learning is a process where individuals acquire knowledge, skills, or be...

Updated 7 months ago by exec