Misinformation Effect

Definition

The misinformation effect refers to a phenomenon in human memory where exposure to incorrect information after an event can alter a person's recollection of that event. This means that false details introduced after the fact can become integrated into someone's memory, leading them to recall the event inaccurately or even forget some of the original details.

Example

You witness a car accident at an intersection. Later that day, you discuss the incident with friends who tell you they heard the cars were speeding when they collided. In reality, the cars were going slowly. If you later try to describe what happened, you might mistakenly recall the cars as being speeding because the incorrect information from your friends influenced your memory.

Why it Matters

The misinformation effect matters because it highlights how vulnerable human memory is to external influences. This can have serious consequences in real-world situations, such as legal cases where eyewitness testimony may be affected by misleading information shared after an event. It also explains why false rumors or inaccurate news stories can spread quickly and distort people's understanding of events. Understanding this phenomenon helps us critically evaluate the reliability of our own memories and the information we receive from others.

See Also

• Memory Reconstruction