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Literature Review
Definition A summary of existing research related to a specific topic. Example A researcher want...
Institutional Review Board
Definition A committee that reviews research proposals to ensure ethical standards are met. Exam...
Informed Consent
Definition Ensuring participants are fully aware of the study and voluntarily agree to participat...
Independent Variable
Definition The variable that is manipulated to observe its effect on the dependent variable. Exa...
Hypothesis
Definition A testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables. Example A...
Generalizability
Definition Generalizability, in the context of a research study, refers to the extent to which th...
Experiment
Definition A research method that involves manipulating one variable to determine its effect on a...
Dependent Variable
Definition The variable that is measured in a study to see the effect of the independent variable...
Cross-Sectional Study
Definition A study that analyzes data from a population at a single point in time. Example A res...
Correlation
Definition A statistical measure that describes the extent to which two variables are related. E...
Construct
Definition An abstract concept used in research (e.g., intelligence, stress). Example A research...
Confounding Variable
Definition An outside influence that affects the dependent and independent variables, potentially...
Case Study
Definition An in-depth study of a single case or a small group. Example A researcher wants to st...
Arousal Theory
Definition The Arousal Theory of Motivation suggests that individuals are motivated to maintain a...
Flow
Definition In positive psychology, “flow” (often referred to as “being in the zone”) is a state o...
Out-of-Body Experience
Definition An out-of-body experience (OBE) is a phenomenon where an individual feels as though th...
Near-Death Experience
Definition A near-death experience (NDE) refers to a profound and transcendental experience repor...
Precognition
Definition Precognition refers to the phenomenon where an individual gains awareness or knowledge...
Clairvoyance
Definition Clairvoyance is a term used to describe the ability to perceive information or events ...
Pareidolia
Definition Pareidolia is a cognitive phenomenon where the human brain perceives patterns, shap...