Segregation
Definition
Segregation in sociology refers to the systematic separation of different groups of people based on social categories such as race, ethnicity, class, religion, or gender. This separation can occur in physical spaces (like neighborhoods) or in institutions (such as schools or workplaces). Segregation often leads to unequal access to resources, opportunities, and power, perpetuating social inequality.
Example
In a large city, most of the wealthier residents live in one area with access to high-quality schools, parks, and healthcare facilities. Meanwhile, another part of the city is predominantly inhabited by lower-income families or people from marginalized racial groups, who have limited access to these resources. This division is an example of segregation, as it creates barriers that prevent certain groups from thriving equally.
Why It Matters
Segregation matters because it reinforces social inequalities and limits opportunities for marginalized groups. When certain communities are systematically excluded from resources, they face higher rates of poverty, poorer health outcomes, and limited educational and employment prospects. Segregation also fosters misunderstandings and tensions between different groups, weakening social cohesion.
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