Theory
Definition
A set of principles that explain and predict phenomena.
Example
In sociology, structural functionalism, conflict theory and symbolic interactionism are theories that attempt to describe and explain the nature of social interactions in a society.
Why It Matters
Theories help researchers make sense of complex information. They offer a framework for asking questions, making predictions, and interpreting results. Without theory, research can feel scattered or aimless — but with it, studies become part of a bigger picture that helps explain how and why things happen.