Humanistic Psychology

Definition

Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective that emphasizes personal growth, self-awareness, free will, and the innate drive toward self-actualization. Developed as a reaction against both psychoanalysis and behaviorism, it focuses on the whole person and their subjective experience rather than unconscious drives or observable behavior alone. It promotes the idea that people are inherently good and capable of making meaningful choices.

Example

In a therapeutic setting, a humanistic psychologist might use person-centered therapy, where the therapist offers unconditional positive regard, empathy, and genuineness. Rather than diagnosing or interpreting, the therapist provides a supportive environment in which clients can explore their feelings and realize their potential.

Why It Matters

Humanistic psychology helped reshape the goals of psychology by emphasizing the importance of individual meaning, choice, and personal growth. It laid the foundation for modern approaches to therapy, education, and wellness that value empathy, emotional insight, and the pursuit of purpose. It also played a key role in the development of positive psychology and holistic approaches to mental health.

Key Contributors

• Carl Rogers – Developed person-centered therapy and emphasized the importance of empathy, unconditional positive regard, and the therapeutic relationship in personal growth.
• Abraham Maslow – Introduced the hierarchy of needs, a motivational theory culminating in self-actualization, where individuals strive to realize their fullest potential.
• Rollo May – Brought existential themes into humanistic psychology, exploring anxiety, freedom, and the human capacity for meaning-making.
• Viktor Frankl (closely related) – Though more aligned with existential psychology, Frankl’s focus on meaning and purpose in the face of suffering overlaps significantly with humanistic ideals.

See Also

• Self-Actualization
• Person-Centered Therapy
• Hierarchy of Needs
• Existential Psychology
• Positive Psychology