Festinger, Leon

Overview

Leon Festinger (1919-1989) was an American social psychologist who made significant contributions to the field of social comparison theory, cognitive dissonance theory, and group dynamics. He earned his PhD in psychology from the University of Michigan in 1942 and went on to teach at several prestigious institutions, including MIT and Stanford University.

Significance

Festinger is best known for his groundbreaking work on cognitive dissonance theory, which suggests that individuals experience psychological discomfort when they hold two or more contradictory beliefs, values, or attitudes. His research has had a profound impact on a wide range of disciplines including sociology, communication studies, marketing, and education.

Contributions

Throughout his career, Festinger made significant contributions to the field of social psychology. He developed the theory of social comparison processes, which proposes that individuals determine their own self-worth by comparing themselves to others. Festinger also conducted pioneering research on group dynamics, particularly in the area of cognitive dissonance and its impact on decision making, attitude change, and interpersonal relationships.

Major Works

A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance (1957)
When Prophecy Fails (1956, with Henry Riecken and Stanley Schachter)
Social Comparisons and Social Influence (1954)
The Psychology of Egon Brunswik (1957, as editor)
Research Methods in the Behavioral Sciences (1964, with Daniel Katz)